1. The term "mindfulness" in therapy refers to:

2. Which disorder is characterized by extreme mood swings, including manic episodes and depressive episodes?

3. Which of the following is NOT a core component of clinical psychology?

4. Which type of medication is commonly used to treat anxiety disorders?

5. A therapeutic technique that focuses on helping clients to identify and challenge their irrational thoughts is:

6. A hallmark characteristic of a cognitive distortion is:

7. The main goal of psychodynamic therapy is to:

8. Which type of therapy is based on the principles of operant conditioning?

9. The concept of "self-actualization" is most closely associated with:

10. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is primarily used to measure:

11. Which of the following is an example of a projective test in clinical psychology?

12. Which of the following is a primary focus of family therapy?

13. Which of the following is an example of a maladaptive behavior in the context of anxiety?

14. A key feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is:

15. The process of reinterpreting past traumatic memories in a more positive light is known as:

16. In the context of clinical psychology, the term "neuroplasticity" refers to:

17. The process of "countertransference" involves:

18. Which of the following techniques is commonly used in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)?

19. Which of the following disorders is best treated using exposure therapy?

20. In psychodynamic theory, the "id" is responsible for:

21. A major criticism of psychoanalytic therapy is that it:

22. The "self" in Carl Rogers' client-centered therapy is most closely associated with:

23. Which of the following is NOT typically a goal of clinical supervision in the context of clinical psychology?

24. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is primarily used for:

25. The concept of "repression" refers to:

26. Which of the following is an example of a mood disorder?

27. A key feature of the DSM-5 is that it:

28. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) primarily focuses on:

29. The primary objective of a neuropsychological assessment is to:

30. In the context of clinical psychology, "reliability" refers to:

31. In the assessment of a client’s mental health, which of the following is considered the gold standard for diagnosing schizophrenia?

32. What is the primary focus of the biopsychosocial model in understanding mental health?

33. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of borderline personality disorder?

34. In systematic desensitization, the first step is:

35. In psychodynamic therapy, the concept of transference refers to:

36. The "double-bind" theory of schizophrenia suggests that:

37. In clinical psychology, the term "evidence-based practice" refers to:

38. The term "psychopathology" refers to:

39. Which of the following is an example of a defense mechanism according to Freud?

40. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the highest level of needs is: